What can cause swollen gums?

Most people are alarmed at the sight of bleeding gums, but swelling is also an important warning sign. Swollen gums can be caused by several factors — in this article, we go through the most common and more serious causes. Read on to find out when it is necessary to contact a dentist.

Inflamed gums are uncomfortable and visible

Swollen gums are often very noticeable and associated with pain, making them difficult to ignore. The most common cause is poor oral hygiene or incorrect brushing technique, but accumulated tartar can also lead to inflammation.

Another common cause is the eruption of wisdom teeth. If there is not enough space or the tooth is positioned incorrectly, it can lead to inflammation and pain. In many cases, the wisdom tooth must be removed to avoid further complications, such as crooked teeth and/or persistent pain.

Other possible causes of swollen gums

Less well-known - but more serious - causes include dental abscesses, which occur due to bacterial infection. This can cause fever and is often referred to as a “focal infection.” It requires immediate dental treatment - it cannot be managed at home.

Vitamin deficiencies, especially vitamin C, can also lead to swollen and bleeding gums. Although scurvy is rare today, serious situations can occur with chronic illnesses or poor absorption in the body.

Certain medications can also have gum problems as a side effect - it is important to have this assessed by a professional.

Mechanical damage, for example from brushing too hard or using hard-bristled toothbrushes, can also irritate the gums. Regular dental cleaning helps prevent inflammation and allows the gums to “breathe.”

Lifestyle and habits also play a role

Smoking worsens the condition of the gums and reduces blood circulation, which impairs healing processes. When poor oral hygiene is combined with smoking, the risk of inflammation increases significantly.

Stress also plays a role. During prolonged stress, the immune system is weakened, and the body’s ability to fight infections is reduced, which can create a foundation for gum inflammation.

What happens if it is not treated?

Bleeding gums, swelling, and pain are the body’s way of signaling that something is wrong. Without treatment, it can develop into periodontitis — a serious condition where both the gums and bone tissue break down, and the teeth become loose.

Are you experiencing swollen gums?

Then book an appointment for a thorough examination with us. We will help you identify the cause and start the appropriate treatment in time.